2018年6月的洪水。越南北部山区经历了严重的降雨。一些地区,如新河区(莱州省)、穆苍斋(安沛省)、河江区、银山县(北件省)和北光(河江)的降雨量高达33厘米。暴雨给该地区造成了严重的洪水和山体滑坡。

2017年11月的台风达维。台风达维及其后续共影响到430万人,9个省份,并造成107人死亡。台风损毁了近3400间房屋,约14.11万间房屋遭到破坏。政府疏散了胡志明市沿海坎吉奥区3.6万多人,台风还淹没了5296公顷的水田和近1.5万公顷蔬菜和水果田。

2017年6~8月的洪水。越南西北部因暴雨骤发洪水和泥石流,导致27人死亡,14人失踪,231间房屋被冲走或倒塌。此外,425间房屋和340公顷的农业用地受到泥石流的影响。

2017年10月的泥石流。克朗河沿岸的山体滑坡破坏了15公顷土地以及农场的农产品,50户家庭遭到破坏,发生了19起土地侵蚀。

2015~2017年的旱灾。越南90年难遇的旱灾于2015年开始,持续至2017年。该旱灾可归因于厄尔尼诺现象,导致全国63省份中52个受到影响。此外,干旱情况下,沿海受咸水入侵威胁的地区增加至90公里长,咸水入侵致使河水太咸,无法供人及动物饮用,也无法灌溉作物和渔业养殖,从而加剧干旱。这场旱灾总计造成包括52万儿童和100万妇女在内的200万人需要人道主义援助。

2016年8月的洪水和泥石流。热带风暴“电母”在安沛、富寿、莱州、奠边、山罗、和平和比化等省引发洪水和山体滑坡。据报道,第一个月有9人死亡,1341间房屋被淹没。截至2016年12月,共有134人死亡,151人受伤,23.33万间房屋被淹,4093间房屋受损或倒塌。

2013年11月的洪水。热带低压袭击了越南中南部省份,导致暴雨和强风。在其作用下,中部省份广南、广义、岘港、富安和平定受到大面积洪水影响。

3.气候变化情况

气候变化威胁着红三角洲和湄公河三角洲。湄公河三角洲是越南2000万人口的家园,被认为是越南的米仓。然而,海平面上升、地下水盐渍化加剧(由低降雨量引起)以及海水渗透都有可能损害这一肥沃多产的区域中的大片土地。此外,2016年该地区经历了长期干旱,导致很多当地农民放弃土地,到其他行业寻找就业机会,特别是到城市去。

Flood in June 2018. The mountains of northern Vietnam experienced heavy rainfall. In some areas, such as Xinhe district (Laizhou province), mucangzhai (Anpei province), Hejiang District, Yinshan county (Beijian province) and Beiguang (Hejiang), the rainfall is as high as 33 cm. The rainstorm has caused serious floods and landslides in this area.
Typhoon Davy in November 2017. Typhoon Davy and its follow-up affected 4.3 million people in 9 provinces and killed 107 people. The typhoon damaged nearly 3400 houses and about 141100 houses were damaged. The government evacuated more than 36000 people from the coastal kangio District of Ho Chi Minh City. The typhoon also flooded 5296 hectares of paddy fields and nearly 15000 hectares of vegetable and fruit fields.
Floods from June to August 2017. Torrential rains, sudden floods and mudslides in northwestern Vietnam killed 27 people, 14 people were missing, and 231 houses were washed away or collapsed. In addition, 425 houses and 340 hectares of agricultural land were affected by debris flows.
Debris flow in October 2017. Landslides along the krona River damaged 15 hectares of land and farm products, 50 families were damaged and 19 land erosion occurred.
Drought from 2015 to 2017. Vietnam's worst drought in 90 years began in 2015 and lasted until 2017. The drought was attributable to the El Ni ñ o phenomenon, affecting 52 of the country's 63 provinces. In addition, under drought conditions, the coastal areas threatened by salt water invasion have increased to 90 km long. The salt water invasion makes the river too salty for human and animal drinking, irrigation of crops and fishery breeding, thus aggravating the drought. In total, the drought caused 2 million people, including 520000 children and 1 million women, to need humanitarian assistance.
Floods and mudslides in August 2016. Tropical storm "electric bus" triggered floods and landslides in Anpei, Fushou, Laizhou, dianbian, ShanLuo, Heping and Bihua provinces. It is reported that nine people died and 1341 houses were flooded in the first month. As of December 2016, 134 people had been killed, 151 injured, 233300 houses were flooded and 4093 houses were damaged or collapsed.
Flood in November 2013. The tropical depression hit south central Vietnam, causing heavy rain and strong winds. Under its influence, the central provinces of Guangnan, Guangyi, Da Nang, Fu'an and Pingding were affected by large-scale floods.
3. Climate change
Climate change threatens the Red Delta and Mekong Delta. The Mekong Delta is home to 20 million people in Vietnam and is considered as the rice warehouse of Vietnam. However, sea level rise, increased groundwater salinization (caused by low rainfall) and seawater infiltration may damage large areas of land in this fertile and productive area. In addition, the region experienced a long-term drought in 2016, which led many local farmers to give up their land and look for employment opportunities in other industries, especially in cities.

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